The formation and behaviour of orographic cap clouds over mountains like Kangchenjunga are described as a spectacle driven by airflow dynamics rather than stationary phenomena. As moist air from the south collides with the Kangchenjunga massif, it is forced upward, cools, and condenses into visible clouds. On the leeward side, the air descends, warms, and the cloud evaporates.
These cap clouds, observed over peaks like Kokthang, are explained by principles of fluid dynamics. While appearing to sit atop the mountains, the clouds are composed of air molecules continuously passing through. The visible shape of the cloud, often resembling various moustaches, serves as a record of the invisible path of the air as it rises, crosses the summit, and descends. Individual cloud droplets are formed on the windward side and dissipate on the leeward side.
Source: Down To Earth