Method: Carbon intensity is calculated as: Carbon Intensity = Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions ÷ Output All emissions are converted internally to kilograms of CO₂e. For example: 50 tCO₂e = 50,000 kg CO₂e If production is 10,000 units: 50,000 ÷ 10,000 = 5 kg CO₂e per unit When a comparison intensity is entered: Improvement (%) = (Comparison Intensity − Current Intensity) ÷ Comparison Intensity × 100 A positive percentage indicates lower carbon intensity than the comparison value. A negative percentage indicates higher intensity. Carbon intensity is meaningful only when the emissions boundary and output basis are consistent between periods, facilities or organizations being compared. Changes in production volume can reduce or increase intensity even when absolute emissions move differently. Carbon intensity should therefore normally be reviewed together with absolute greenhouse gas emissions.