Method: Baseline emissions are calculated as: Baseline CO₂e = Baseline Energy × Baseline Emission Factor Project emissions are: Project CO₂e = Project Energy × Project Emission Factor Avoided emissions are: Avoided CO₂e = Baseline CO₂e − Project CO₂e Emissions reduction is: Reduction (%) = Avoided CO₂e ÷ Baseline CO₂e × 100 The calculator converts all energy values internally to kWh and all emission factors to kg CO₂e/kWh. A positive result indicates lower emissions in the project scenario. A negative result indicates that the project scenario produces more emissions than the baseline. The baseline and project emission factors should represent comparable boundaries, gases and accounting methodologies. For example, do not compare a combustion-only factor against a lifecycle factor unless that difference is intentional. This calculator quantifies the arithmetic difference between two scenarios. Whether that difference qualifies as formally reportable avoided emissions, offsets or reductions depends on the applicable GHG accounting methodology and project boundary.